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Contact dermatitis
Medicine Information Center
The dermatitis or contact eczema is a lesion of the skin in response to substances which can act as irritants or allergy triggers. Although there are substances to which a greater number of people are sensitive, generally these tend to respond to the characteristics of each person and, therefore, to a great variability.
In contact dermatitis, lesions can occur acutely or chronically. The acute irritations are characterized by the presence of vesicles and redness, while chronic they usually have thickened and dry skin that breaks easily. In this chronic phase there are no vesicles and desquamation predominates. Likewise, in both cases intense itching is common, which leads the patient to continuous scratching, with the consequent risk of wound infection. Evolution depends on the frequency of exposure to the substance and its potential to cause the reaction. In general, if contact with the trigger does not persist, the lesions heal in one to four weeks. Generally, they disappear without leaving residual lesions on the skin, as long as you are away from the causative product.
TYPES
Irritant dermatitis . Irritant contact dermatitis is the most common. It is due to continued exposure to mild irritants, such as soaps, which cause dryness, cracks, and redness. Obviously, this irritation will occur with greater intensity the higher the concentration of the product and the time of exposure to it.
Allergic dermatitis . On the other hand, allergic contact dermatitis is produced by a hypersensitivity reaction from the lesions triggered by some metals such as nickel, preservatives, dyes and perfumes, among other substances.
To diagnose the substance causing the problem, a detailed assessment of the patient's personal habits and occupations is required, allowing the dermatologist to suspect certain products.
Once the problem is detected, it is subsequently verified by performing skin tests. These tests consist of applying a small sample of the suspected substance (or substances) covered with an adhesive patch to the skin. After 48 hours, the patch is removed and the intensity of the lesions is assessed. If the reaction is positive and the patient handles the product, it is certain that it is the trigger.
Is CONTACT DERMATITIS cured?
Contact dermatitis, be it irritant or allergic, is a process that does not have a curative treatment. It is simply a matter of avoiding contact with the substance and alleviating injuries with topical medications .
The dermatologist may prescribe corticosteroid ointments or creams to decrease inflammation. However, these are usually treatments applied for short periods of time, when contact has occurred, so that they do not present adverse effects. In case of severe itching, oral antihistamines are administered.
Take care of your SKIN with GOOD HYGIENE
Hygiene of this type of skin, which normally has a dry tendency, should be done with products that do not alter its oily layer.
Oat-based products are considered very suitable .
The creams and lotions after the bath are important for softening ingredients which may contain to provide relief, both dry as pruritus presented in dermatitis.
The pharmacist can advise preparations that individually can help to better protect and preserve the lipid layer of your skin.
Finally, the so-called housewife dermatitis is also frequent , in which the lesion usually appears on the hands, as a result of the daily use and contact of detergent products.
ADVICE
In contact dermatitis, it is essential to avoid exposure to the causative product .
Allergens can be very diverse . Clothing accessories (such as buttons, buckles, zippers), hair dyes, as well as fragrances and perfumes, can cause contact dermatitis.
There are special products for the care of sensitive skin . The pharmacist will help you choose the most appropriate product for each case.
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